Effect of UV-C Irradiation and Lactic Acid Application on the Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and Lactic Acid Bacteria in Vacuum-Packaged Bee]]> The objective of this study was to test the effect of the combined application of lactic acid (0–5%) (LA) and UV-C light (0–330 mJ/cm2) to reduce Listeria monocytogenes and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on beef without major meat color (L *, a *, b *) change and its impact over time. A two-factor central composite design with five central points and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize LA concentration and UV-C dose using 21 meat pieces (10 g) inoculated with
L. monocytogenes (LM100A1). The optimal conditions were analyzed over 8 weeks. A quadratic model was obtained that predicted the L. monocytogenes log reduction in vacuum-packed beef treated with LA and UV-C. The maximum log reduction for L. monocytogenes (1.55 ± 0.41 log CFU/g) and
LAB (1.55 ± 1.15 log CFU/g) with minimal impact on meat color was achieved with 2.6% LA and 330 mJ/cm2 UV-C. These conditions impaired L. monocytogenes growth and delayed LAB growth by 2 weeks in vacuum-packed meat samples throughout 8 weeks at 4° C. This strategy might contribute to improving the safety and shelf life of vacuum-packed beef with a low impact on meat color.

]]> Brugnini, Giannina]]> Rodríguez, Soledad]]> Rodríguez, Jesica]]> Rufo, Caterina]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

La legislación uruguaya protege el derecho de autor sobre toda creación literaria, científica o artística, tanto en lo que tiene que ver con sus derechos morales, como en lo referente a los derechos patrimoniales con sujeción a lo establecido por el derecho común y las siguientes leyes (LEY 9.739 DE 17 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1937 SOBRE PROPIEDAD LITERARIA Y ARTISTICA CON LAS MODIFICACIONES INTRODUCIDAS POR LA LEY DE DERECHO DE AUTOR Y DERECHOS CONEXOS No. 17.616 DE 10 DE ENERO DE 2003, LEY 17.805 DE 26 DE AGOSTO DE 2004, LEY 18.046 DE 24 DE OCTUBRE DE 2006 LEY 18.046 DE 24 DE OCTUBRE DE 2006)

ADVERTENCIA - La consulta de este documento queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: Este documento es únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con fines de lucro. Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto los datos del documento como a sus contenidos. En la utilización o cita de partes debe indicarse el nombre de la persona autora.

]]> 10.3390/foods10061217 ]]> The contributions of civil society to food security in the context of COVID-19: a qualitative exploration in Uruguay]]> Objective: The aim of this study was to explore and analyse the actions implemented by civil society to contribute to food security in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak in Uruguay, a high-income country in South America.
Design: An exploratory systematic approach was used to identify the contributions of civil society to food security through reports in news websites and Facebook
posts. Data were analysed based on content analysis following a deductive–inductive approach.
Setting: Uruguay, Latin America.
Results: A total of 1220 civil society organisations were identified, which developed two main actions to increase access to food among the Uruguayan population: food baskets and ‘community pots’ (also known as ‘common pots’). Most of the
initiatives targeted citizens under socioeconomic vulnerability in the face of COVID-19, without specifying any specific requirement or population segment.
Actions were mainly led by spontaneously organised community groups, and, to a lesser extent, by consolidated organisations. Interactions between organisations were identified. The foods provided by the organisations were mostly aligned with national dietary guidelines. Social media posts evidenced that the main challenge faced by organisations was related to the lack of funds or supplies.
Conclusions: Results from this work suggest that the lack of funds or supplies poses challenges to the medium- and long-term contributions of civil society to food security and stresses the need for comprehensive governmental measures to guarantee food security amongst Uruguayan citizens.

]]> Brunet, Gerónimo]]> Girona, Alejandra]]> Fajardo, Gabriela]]> Iragola, Valentina]]> Machín, Leandro]]> Bove, Isabel]]> Ares, Gastón]]> Cambridge University Press]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1017/S1368980021003463 ]]> Implications of climate change: how does increased water temperature influence biofilm and water quality of chlorinated drinking water distribution systems?]]> Temperature variation can promote physico-chemical and microbial changes in the water transported through distribution systems and influence the dynamics of biofilms attached to pipes, thus contributing to the release of pathogens into the bulk drinking water. An experimental real-scale chlorinated DWDS was used to study the effect of increasing temperature from 16 to 24C on specific pathogens, bacterialfungal
communities (biofilm and water samples) and determine the risk of material accumulation and mobilisation from the pipes into the bulk water. Biofilm was developed for 30 days at both temperatures in the pipe walls, and after this growth phase, a
flushing was performed applying 4 gradual steps by increasing the shear stress. The fungal-bacterial community characterised by Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and specific pathogens were studied using qPCR: Mycobacterium spp., Mycobacterium avium
complex, Acanthamoeba spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella pneumophilia, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Sequencing data showed that temperature variation significantly modified the structure of biofilm microbial communities from the early stages of biofilm development. Regarding bacteria, Pseudomonas increased its relative abundance in biofilms developed at 24C, while fungal communities showed loss of diversity and richness, and the increase in dominance of Fusarium genus.
After the mobilisation phase, Pseudomonas continued being the most abundant genus at 24° C, followed by Sphingobium and Sphingomonas. For biofilm fungal communities after the mobilisation phase, Helotiales incertae sedis and Fusarium were
the most abundant taxa. Results from qPCR showed a higher relative abundance of Mycobacterium spp. on day 30 and M. avium complex throughout the growth phase within the biofilms at higher temperatures. The temperature impacts were not
only microbial, with physical mobilisation showing higher discolouration response and metals release due to the increased temperature. While material accumulation was
accelerated by temperature, it was not preferentially to either stronger or weaker biofilm layers, as turbidity results during the flushing steps showed. This research yields new understanding on microbial challenges that chlorinated DWDS will undergo as global temperature rises, this information is needed in order to protect drinking water quality and safety while travelling through distribution systems.

]]> Calero Preciado, Carolina]]> Boxall, Joby]]> Soria Carrasco, Víctor]]> Martínez, Soledad]]> Douterelo, Isablel]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658927 ]]> Development and characterization of two novel 68 Ga labelled neuropeptide Y short analogues with potential application in breast cancer imaging ]]> In vivo receptor targeting with radiolabelled peptide-based probes is an attractive approach for the development of novel radiotracers for molecular imaging. This work presents the development and characterization of two novel neuropeptide Y analogues labelled with a positron emitter 68Ga, for potential use in breast cancer imaging. Both analogues share the same amino acid sequence and were derivatized with NOTA through either a lysine linker (L1) or an acetylated lysine (L2). In both cases, a single product with radiochemical purity higher than 95% was obtained. The two complexes were hydrophilic, showed remarkable in vitro stability, good cellular uptake, binding affinity in the nanomolar range and high cellular internalization rate. Biodistribution studies revealed low blood uptake and elimination through the urinary tract. The addition of an acetyl group in the spacer increased the lipophilicity of C2 and modified the reactivity of the ε-amino group of the lysine which resulted in lower protein binding and lower percentage of injected dose in bladder and urine. The tumour versus muscle ratio was (3.8 ± 0.4) for 68Ga-L1 and (4.7 ± 0.4) for 68Ga-L2. These results encourage performing further studies in order to complete the evaluation of both tracers as potential radiopharmaceutical for breast cancer imaging.]]> Cardoso, Maria Elena]]> Tejería, Emilia]]> Zirbesegger, Kevin]]> Savio, Eduardo]]> Terán, Mariella]]> Rey Ríos, Ana María]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1111/cbdd.13864 ]]> Docetaxel in chitosan-based nanocapsules conjugated with an anti-Tn antigen mouse/human chimeric antibody as a promising targeting strategy of lung tumors]]> The aim of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical and biological properties of docetaxel (DCX) loaded chitosan nanocapsules (CS Nc) functionalized with the monoclonal antibody Chi-Tn (CS-PEG-ChiTn mAb Nc) as a potential improvement treatment for cancer therapy. The Tn antigen is highly specific for carcinomas, and this is the first time that such structure is targeted for drug delivery. The nanocapsules (Ncs), formed as a polymeric shell around an oily core, allowed a 99.9% encapsulation efficiency of DCX with a monodispersity particle size in the range of 200 nm and a high positive surface charge that provide substantial stability to the nanosystems. Release profile of DCX from Ncs showed a sustained and pH dependent behavior with a faster release at acidic pH, which could be favorable in the intracellular drug delivery.We have designed PEGylated CS Nc modified with amonoclonal antibody which recognize Tn antigen, one of themost specific tumor associated antigen. A biotin-avidin approach achieved the successful attachment of the antibody to the nanocapsules. Uptake studies and viability assay conducted in A549 human lung cancer cell line in vitro demonstrate that ChiTn mAb enhance nanoparticles internalization and cell viability reduction. Consequently, these ChiTn functionalized nanocapsules are promising carriers for the active targeting of DCX to Tn expressing carcinomas.

]]> Castro, Analía]]> Berois, Nora]]> Malanga, Antonio]]> Ortega, Claudia]]> Oppezzo, Pablo]]> Pristch, Otto]]> Mombrú, Álvaro W.]]> Osinaga, Eduardo]]> Pardo, Helena]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.054 ]]> New perspective on thermally stimulated luminescence and crystallization of barium borate oxyfluoride glasses]]> The demand for modern materials, especially glasses, used in different applications, such as radiation sensors and spectral converters, requires a detailed study of their properties. The incorporation of fluoride compounds in borate glasses and their crystallization at the nanometric scale allows the properties of these materials to be further enhanced. Although many works showed improvements in some of these properties, some critical aspects, such as the crystallization mechanism and
the role of the fluorine phase, need more investigation. We worked with xNaF (100 - x)BaO.2B2O3 glasses with x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35% (in mol) to increase the knowledge in this field. The structural modifications and the thermally stimulated luminescence of the glasses were studied,
and their crystallization was analyzed by thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. A continuous trap distribution was found, which was responsible for its very good luminescent signal, especially in glasses with 20% NaF. By selecting a suitable amount of NaF, it is possible to obtain nanocrystals of
BaF2. These promising results we reached show the applicability of these materials.

]]> Rodríguez Chialanza, Mauiricio]]> Azcune, Germán]]> Bentos Pereira, Heinkel]]> Faccio, Ricardo]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.3390/cryst11070745 ]]> Elaboration of goat cheese with increased content of conjugated linoleic acid and transvaccenic acid: Fat, sensory and textural profile ]]> Goat`s milk and its dairy products have been commonly related to important nutritional and health benefits. In fact, fat fraction is one of the most important components of goat’s milk regarding its value, as lipids are involved in cheese yield, firmness, color and flavor of goat dairy products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the modification in the lipid and sensory profile of cheeses elaborated with goat milk, through diet inclusion of sunflower oil (SFO). The main objective was to elaborate Danbo Type cheeses with increased content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and transvaccenic acid (TVA), and at the same time decrease the proportion of saturated fat, and evaluate these values during the shelf life of the cheeses. The study was conducted with 60 Saanen goats separated into two homogeneous groups and supplemented for 18 days with one of two concentrates: without added oil (control, C) or enriched with sunflower oil (SFO). Cheeses were elaborated using goat milk, collected after desirable changes in its lipid profile were achieved. Physicochemical, microbiological, and
fatty acid composition together with the sensory profile were evaluated. In SFO cheeses fat content increased, without affecting protein content, microbiological, sensory profile and consumer acceptability. Also, the content of TVA increased from 2.4 to 4.4 % (p < 0.01), while CLA presented an increase from 0.8 to 1.3 % (p < 0.01). A decrease in the saturated/unsaturated ratio was observed resulting in a decrease in the atherogenic index. Therefore, inclusion of SFO in the diet of goats could be a viable alternative to increase the contribution of fatty acids with beneficial effects for health in cheeses.

]]> Dauber, Cecilia]]> Carreras, Tatiana]]> Britos, Alejandro]]> Carro, Silvana]]> Cajarville, Cecilia]]> Gámbaro, Adriana]]> Jorcin, Santiago]]> López, Tomas]]> Vieitez, Ignacio]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106379 ]]> Effect of Drosophila suzukii on blueberry VOCs: chemical cues for a pupal parasitoid, trichopria anastrephae]]> Biocontrol agents such as parasitic wasps use long-range volatiles and host-associated cues from lower trophic levels to
find their hosts. However, this chemical landscape may be altered by the invasion of exotic insect species. The spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a highly polyphagous fruit pest native to eastern Asia and recently arrived in South America. Our study aimed to characterize the effect of SWD attack on the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of blueberries, a common host fruit, and to correlate these odor changes with the olfactory-mediated behavioral response of resident populations of Trichopria anastrephae parasitoids, here reported for the first time in Uruguay. Using fruit VOC chemical characterization followed by multivariate analyses of the odor blends of blueberries attacked by SWD, we showed that the development of SWD immature stages inside the fruit generates a different odor profile to that from control fruits (physically damaged and free of damage). These differences can be explained by the diversity, frequency, and amounts of fruit VOCs. The behavioral response of T. anastrephae in Y-tube bioassays showed that female wasps were significantly attracted to volatiles from SWD-attacked blueberries when tested against both clean air and undamaged blueberries. Therefore, T. anastrephae females can use chemical cues from SWD-infested fruits, which may lead to a successful location of their insect host. Since resident parasitoids are able to locate this novel potential host, biological control programs using local populations may be plausible as a strategy for control of SWD.

]]> de la Vega, G. J.]]> Triñanes, F.]]> González, A.]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1007/s10886-021-01294-7 ]]> Application of hanseniaspora vineae teast in the production of rosé wines from a blend of tempranillo and albillo grapes]]> Hanseniaspora vineae is an apiculate yeast that can be used for the production of interesting commercial wines, due to its contribution of fermentative volatiles. This paper presents a detailed comparative study of the use of H. vineae, compared to pure fermentations of S. cerevisiae in Tempranillo and Albillo rosé wines. Fermentations were carried out in oak barrels and stainless steel barrels. The results indicated that fermentation with H. vineae resulted in wines with residual sugars below 3.4 g/L and similar general characteristics, compared to S. cerevisiae. However, H. vineae wines contain up to 44% more total anthocyanins, resulting in an appreciable improvement in colour. In addition, H. vineae produced up to 65% more 2-phenylethyl acetate in stainless steel barrels and 2.5 times more terpene alcohols in oak barrels. Therefore, the use of H. vineae results

]]> Fresno, Juan Manuel del]]> Loira, Iris]]> Escott, Carlos]]> Carrau, Francisco]]> González, Carmen]]> Cuerda, Rafael]]> Morata, Antonio]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.3390/fermentation7030141 ]]> Robert Braidwood (Bob) Sim. 1951–2021: a disciple’s perspective]]> Díaz, Álvaro]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.3390/v13061111 ]]> Lead exposure and indices of height and weight in Uruguayan urban school children, considering co-exposure to cadmium and arsenic, sex, iron status and dairy intake]]> Child growth depends on complex factors including diet, nutritional status, socioeconomic, and sanitary conditions, and exposure to environmental chemicals. Lead exposure is known to impair growth in young children but effects in school-age children are less clear. The effects of co-exposure to low-level lead and other toxic metals on child growth are not well understood. We examined cross-sectional associations of blood lead (BLL) with growth indices (Z scores of body mass index for age, BAZ, and height for age, HAZ) in Uruguayan urban school
children (n = 259; ~7 y). Potential differences in these associations in children with lower vs. higher urinary inorganic arsenic metabolites (U–As), urinary cadmium (U–Cd), sex (42% girls), iron deficiency (ID, 39% children), or intake of dairy foods below recommended levels were examined. BLL was measured using AAS, U–As using HPLC-HGICP-MS, and U–Cd using ICP-MS. Dietary information was obtained by two 24-h recalls completed by caregivers. Children’s linear growth was within age and sex-appropriate reference values. Overweight
(BAZ > 1 2 SD) was found in 20.1%, and obesity (BAZ > 2 SD) in 18.5%, of children. Ranges (5th, 95th percentile) of biomarker concentrations were: BLL, 0.8–7.8 μg/dL; U–Cd, 0.01–0.2 μg/L, and U–As, 4.0–27.3 μg/ L. BLL was inversely associated with HAZ ([95% CI]: 0.10 [-0.17,

]]> Donangelo, Carmen M.]]> Kerr, Brendan T.]]> Queirolo, Elena I.]]> Vahter, Marie]]> Peregalli, Fabiana]]> Mañay, Nelly]]> Kordas, Katarzyna]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110799 ]]> Health gains through loss frames: testing the effectiveness of message framing on citizens’ use of nutritional warnings]]> The aim of the present work was twofold: (i) to evaluate the effect of nutritional warnings and health-related packaging cues (nutrient claim and images of natural foods) on consumers’ food choices, and (ii) to evaluate the influence of two types of messages (gain-framed and loss-framed) aimed at encouraging the use of such warnings and packaging cues on food choices. A total of 510 participants were recruited using an advertisement on Facebook and Instagram targeted at Uruguayan adult users. Participants were randomly allocated to one of three experimental groups: control (n = 167), loss-framed messages (n = 177) and gain-framed messages (n = 166). Then, they completed a choice-conjoint task involving packages of crackers differing in three variables: nutritional warnings (present vs. absent), nutrient claim (present vs. absent) and images of seeds and wheat (present vs. absent). Warnings were the most relevant package element driving choices, even when participants were not exposed to any type of message. Exposure to loss-framed messages led to changes in the relative importance attached to the package characteristics, whereas gain-framed messages did not. Graphic pieces conveying messages encouraging the use of nutritional warnings by stressing the negative consequences of excessive consumption of sugar, fat, and sodium increased the relative importance attached to nutritional warnings and decreased the relative importance attached to health-related cues (nutrient claims and images of seeds and wheat). These results suggest that public awareness campaigns aimed at encouraging citizens to use nutritional warnings should emphasize the negative health consequences of excessive intake of sugar, fat, and
sodium.

]]> Eguren, Jimena]]> Antúnez, Lucía]]> Otterbring, Tobias]]> Curutchet, María Rosa]]> Ares, Gastón]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105469 ]]> Optical, electrical and structural properties of Fe doped sodium titanate nanostructures]]> In this work we present the synthesis, optical and electrical characterization of nanoparticles of iron doped anatase and iron doped sodium titanate high aspect ratio nanostructures (Na2Ti2O5⋅H2O). Our study focused mainly in the study of the electronical structure and the derived properties of the dielectric function by DFT (Density Functional Theory) means and their relationship with experimental measurements of optical band gap and electric impedance spectroscopy. Also, structural and morphological characterizations of the systems were carried on by X-ray powder diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.
It was possible for the doped nanostructures to observe a slight red shift in the band gap of about 0.2 eV and an order of magnitude decrease in the global resistance in the doped system.

]]> Estevez, Martín]]> Fernández Werner, Luciana]]> Campos Plá Cid, Cristiani]]> Pelegrini, Silvia]]> Pasa, André A.]]> Faccio, Ricardo]]> Mombrú, Álvaro W.]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149534

]]> Insights on the structural and electrical transport of sodium titanate nanotubes decorated with CuInS2 quantum dots heterostructures]]> In this work we present the synthesis of nanoscale heterostructures comprising sodium titanate nanotubes
Na2Ti2O5·H2O (NaNT) decorated with CuInS2 (CIS) quantum dots with different sizes and weight fractions. Our study focused on the structural, microstructural, electrical and optical characterization of the nanoscale heterostructure by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering, confocal Raman microscopy, UV–Vis and impedance spectroscopy analyses. In most cases, these nanoscale heterostructures exhibited considerable enhancement on the electrical conductivity explained in terms of efficient interconnections between the titanate nanotubes and CIS quantum dots. UV–Vis spectroscopy characterization showed a decrease in the optical band gap in comparison to the pure
NaNT from 3.68 to 3.45 eV. Impedance spectroscopy analysis confirmed the efficient electrical interconnections between titanate nanotubes, yielding not only to a decrease in the titanate junction resistance but also to an apparent decrease in the junction barrier voltage. All these features could postulate these nanoscale heterostructures as good candidates as photoelectrodes in solar cell applications.

]]> Estevez, Martín]]> Mombrú, Dominique]]> Romero, Mariano]]> Fernández Werner, Luciana]]> Faccio, Ricardo]]> Mombrú, Álvaro W.]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor (Por favor lea este aviso antes de abrir los documentos u objetos)

]]> 10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147733 ]]> Systematic process evaluation of the conjugation of proteins to gold nanoparticles

]]> The present work addresses some fundamental aspects in the preparation of protein-conjugated gold nanoparticles, in order to ensure an appropriate final product. Ten broadly available and/or easy to implement analytical tools were benchmarked and compared in their capacity to provide reliable and conclusive information for each step of the procedure. These techniques included transmission electron microscopy, UV/VIS spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta-potential, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, colloidal stability
titration, end-point colloidal stability analysis, cyclic voltammetry, agarose gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion
chromatography (SEC). Four different proteins widely used as adaptors or blocking agents were tested, together with 13 nm gold nanoparticles containing different surface chemistries. Among all tested techniques, some of the least popular among nanomaterial scientists probed to be the most informative, including colloidal stability, gel electrophoresis and SEC; the latter being also an efficient purification procedure. These three techniques provide low-cost, low time consuming, sensitive and robust ways to assess the success of the nanoparticle bioconjugation steps, especially when used in adequate combinations.

]]> Fagúndez, Pablo]]> Botasini, Santiago]]> Tosar, Juan Pablo]]> Méndez, Eduardo]]> Información sobre Derechos de Autor